[백준시리즈] N과 M 2
Introduction
https://www.acmicpc.net/problem/15650
문제
자연수 N과 M이 주어졌을 때, 아래 조건을 만족하는 길이가 M인 수열을 모두 구하는 프로그램을 작성하시오.
1부터 N까지 자연수 중에서 중복 없이 M개를 고른 수열
고른 수열은 오름차순이어야 한다.
입력
첫째 줄에 자연수 N과 M이 주어진다. (1 ≤ M ≤ N ≤ 8)
출력
한 줄에 하나씩 문제의 조건을 만족하는 수열을 출력한다. 중복되는 수열을 여러 번 출력하면 안되며, 각 수열은 공백으로 구분해서 출력해야 한다.
수열은 사전 순으로 증가하는 순서로 출력해야 한다.
풀이
설계
dfs를 이용해서 조건에 따라 수열을 뒤쪽에 추가한다.
조건
수열에 들어갈 수 있는 값의 범위는 range(1,N+1)이다.
수열의 길이는 M이다.
중복되는 수열을 여러번 출력하면 안된다.
이미 stack에 들어가있는 값이 추가되면 안 된다.
공백으로 구분해서 출력해야한다.
join 함수를 이용하여 변환
join 함수의 인수는 string type 원소를 가진 리스트여야한다. -> int일 경우 컴파일 에러
사전 순으로 증가해야한다.
고른 수열은 오름차순이어야한다.
코딩
N , M = map ( int , input (). split ())
stack = []
result = []
def dfs ( n , m ):
global stack
if len ( stack ) == m :
result . append ( " " . join ( map ( str , stack )))
return
for i in range ( 1 , n + 1 ):
if len ( stack ) == 0 or ( i not in stack and stack [ - 1 ] < i ):
stack . append ( i )
dfs ( n , m )
stack . pop ()
dfs ( N , M )
for res in result :
print ( res )
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